Metformin and Weight Loss

Metformin is an oral medication prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes.

It belongs to a class of drugs called biguanides, which work by decreasing glucose production in the liver, improving insulin sensitivity, and increasing glucose uptake by the muscles.

These actions help to lower blood sugar levels and improve glycemic control in people with diabetes.

Weight loss

Studies have shown that metformin can lead to modest weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and those who are overweight or obese.

Improves blood sugar control

By lowering blood sugar levels, metformin helps prevent complications associated with diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease.

Management of PCOS

Metformin is often prescribed to women with PCOS to help regulate menstrual cycles, improve insulin resistance, and aid in weight loss.

While metformin is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some people. Common side effects include:

Gastrointestinal issues

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal discomfort are common, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dose.

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Long-term use of metformin can lead to a decrease in vitamin B12 absorption, resulting in deficiency. Regular monitoring and supplementation may be necessary.

Lactic acidosis

Although rare, metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious condition characterised by the buildup of lactic acid in the blood. Symptoms include muscle pain, weakness, trouble breathing, and unusual tiredness. Immediate medical attention is required if these symptoms occur.

Hypoglycemia

Metformin alone does not usually cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), but the risk increases when combined with other diabetes medications or insulin.

Consult with a healthcare provider

Before starting metformin for weight loss, consult with a healthcare provider to determine if it is appropriate for you. They will evaluate your medical history, current health status, and risks. It is not officially licensed for use in the UK. Typically it will be prescribed off-label for weight loss by a weight loss specialist and not your GP.

Start with a low dose

Metformin is typically started at a low dose to minimise gastrointestinal side effects. The dose is gradually increased based on tolerance and effectiveness.

Take with food

To reduce gastrointestinal discomfort, take metformin with meals. Extended-release formulations may also help minimise side effects.

Monitor progress

Regularly monitor your weight, blood sugar levels, and any side effects. Keep track of your progress and discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.

Adhere to the prescribed regimen

Consistently take metformin as prescribed. Do not adjust the dose or frequency without consulting your healthcare provider.

• Healthy diet. Follow a balanced diet rich in whole foods, lean proteins, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates. Avoid sugary, processed foods that can spike blood sugar levels and hinder weight loss.
• Regular exercise. Incorporate regular physical activity into your routine. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, including both cardiovascular and strength training exercises.
• Adequate sleep. Ensure you get 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night. Poor sleep can affect insulin sensitivity and appetite regulation.
• Stress management. Practice stress-reducing techniques such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing exercises, and mindfulness to prevent stress-related weight gain.
• Hydration. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated and support metabolic functions.
• Avoid alcohol. Limit or avoid alcohol consumption, as it can interfere with blood sugar control and increase the risk of lactic acidosis.

How much weight can I expect to lose with metformin?

Weight loss varies among people. On average, people may lose a modest amount of weight (2-3% of their body weight) over several months to a year.

Can metformin be used for weight loss if I don’t have diabetes?

Metformin is primarily prescribed for diabetes and PCOS, but it may be considered for weight loss in overweight or obese people after a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider.

How long does it take to see weight loss results with metformin?

Weight loss with metformin is gradual. It may take several weeks to months to notice significant changes. Patience and consistency with the medication and lifestyle changes are key.

Are there any dietary restrictions while taking metformin?

There are no specific dietary restrictions, but following a balanced diet and avoiding excessive alcohol is recommended to support your weight loss and overall health.

Can I take metformin with other weight loss medications?

Combining metformin with other weight loss medications should only be done under the supervision of a healthcare provider to avoid interactions and side effects.

Metformin is a valuable medication for managing type 2 diabetes and offers benefits for weight loss, particularly in people with insulin resistance, PCOS, or people who are overweight or obese.

It is essential to use metformin under the guidance of a healthcare provider and complement its use with healthy lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management.

With patience and consistency, metformin can be an effective tool in achieving and maintaining a healthy weight.

Disclaimer

This article is for general information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. Medic Spot Limited has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but makes no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. In the event of an emergency, please call 999 for immediate assistance.

There is no guarantee of a specific weight loss medication being prescribed. Clinicians will review your online questionnaire and will recommend the most appropriate weight loss treatments for you based on your answers. In some cases the clinicians may contact you for additional information. See our Terms of Service for more information.